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Pregnancy has long been viewed as a period of well being that protected
against psychiatric disorders. But depression occurs almost as commonly in
pregnant women as it does in non-pregnant women.
What factors increase my risk of being depressed during pregnancy?
- Having a history of depression or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
- Age at time of pregnancy -- the younger you are, the higher the
risk
- Living alone
- Limited social support
- Marital conflict
- Ambivalence about the pregnancy
What is the impact of depression on pregnancy?
- Depression can interfere with a woman’s ability to care for
herself during pregnancy. You may be less able to follow medical
recommendations, and sleep and eat properly.
- Depression can put you at risk for increased use of substances
that have a negative impact on pregnancy (tobacco, alcohol, illegal drugs).
- Depression may interfere with your ability to bond with your
growing baby. A baby in the womb is able to recognize the mother’s voice
and sense emotion by pitch, rhythm, and stress. Pregnant women with
depression may find it difficult to develop this bond and instead may feel emotionally
isolated.
How does pregnancy impact depression?
- The stresses of pregnancy can cause depression or a recurrence or
worsening of depression symptoms.
- Depression during pregnancy can place you at risk for having
an episode of depression after delivery (postpartum depression).
Are there any other things I should know about?
Growing evidence suggests that many of the currently available antidepressant
medicines are relatively safe for treating depression during pregnancy, at least in terms
of short-term effects on the baby. Long-term effects have not been fully
studied. You should discuss the possible risks and benefits with your doctor.
So what are my options if I'm depressed during my pregnancy?
- Preparing for a new baby is lots of
hard work, but your health should come first. So resist the urge to get
everything done -- cut down on your chores and do things that will help you relax. And remember, taking care of yourself is an essential part of
taking care of your unborn child.
- Talking about your concerns is very important. Talk to your friends, your partner, and your family. If
you ask for support, you'll find that you often get it.
If you are not finding relief from anxiety and depression by making these
changes, seek your doctor’s advice or a referral to a mental health
professional. Therapy and antidepressants can be very effective for pregnant
women.
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